Gel Adsorbed Redox Mediators Tempo as Integrated Solid‐State Cathode for Ultra‐Long Life Quasi‐Solid‐State Na–Air Battery

Abstract In metal–air batteries, the integrated solid‐state cathode is considered a promising design because it can solve problem of high interfacial resistance conventional cathodes. However, solid discharge products cannot be efficiently decomposed in an cathode, resulting batteries that are unable to operate for long periods time. Herein, (Gel‐Tempo cathode) sodium–air (SABs) capable promoting efficient decomposition product Na 2 O designed. The Gel‐Tempo synthesized by cationic–π interaction redox mediator 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy (Tempo) and ionic liquid with carbon nanotubes. serves multiple functions as mediator, flame retardancy, stability air. quasi‐solid‐state SABs, reduces overpotential 1.15 V improves coulomb efficiency 84.5% (at limited capacity 3000 mAh g −1 ) compared gel Experiments density functional theory calculations indicate Tempo significantly Gibbs free energy reaction , content more conducive enhancing kinetics hence ultra‐long cycle life (1746 h). This work crucial promote practical applications providing guidelines functionalization cathodes batteries.